Colosseum Roma

Colosseum is a historical relic in the form of a large theater / Amphitheater which is one of the "Seven Wonders of the World Middle Ages." Located in the State Capital of Italy, Rome, called the original "Flavian Amphitheatre", founded by King Vespasian and completed by his son Titus.

Regarding the year of manufacture until now there are still differences of faith. Some argue that the Colosseum was made in the year 79 BC, there is also an opinion that was made between the years 70-82 AD.
But most archaeologists believe that the Colosseum was made in the year 70-82 AD Originally Colosseum name comes from a statue 130 feet or 40 meters called Colossus. Colosseum is set to accommodate 50,000 spectators.


Building Construction
Reconstruction of the Colosseum started from the command of King Vespasian in 72 AD and completed by his son Titus in 80 AD Colosseum established close to Nero's enermous Palace, Domus Aurea that had been built in after the great fire in Rome in AD 64 Some historians believe that construction of the Colosseum was financed by way of robbing a big temple in Jerusalem by order of King Herod in AD 64

Dio Cassius a historian said that there are about 9000 wild animals who have been killed in 100 days as a celebration of the inauguration and opening of the Colosseum. The floor of the Colosseum arena was covered by sand to prevent blood-the blood does not flow anywhere.

Show
In the Colosseum at the time was venue for a spectacular show, which is a fight between animals (venetaiones), the fight between prisoners and animals, the execution of prisoners (noxii), water fight (naumachiae) by flooding the arena, and the battle between gladiators (munera .) For hundreds of years, the estimated thousands of people and animals die in the Colosseum show.

Naming
The name of the Colosseum as in the above is taken from the name of a statue 130 feet or 40 m, Colossus.

Colossus Statue remade as a substitute for Nero as the parable of the Sol, the sun god, by adding the crown of the sun. In the mid-year, Colossus statue has disappeared. An expert said that since the statue was made of copper, the statue has been merged for reuse.

In addition to named Colossus, the Colosseum is also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre is not known who gave the name. In Italy, the Colosseum was named il colosseo but other Roman languages ​​use the name Le Colisée and el coliseo to mention the Colosseum.


Description
Colosseum is large enough. With a height of 48 m, length 188 m, 156 m wide and the area around the building about 2.5 ha to make the Colosseum looks so big and spacious. Wooden arena measuring 86 mx 54 m, and covered by sand. Elliptical or spherical shape of the Colosseum point to prevent the players to flee to the corner and prevents the audience to be closer to the show.

Colosseum is a very great work. The place is said to be a great and spectacular stage due to the shape and structure of the Colosseum. Even now, the Colosseum is still said to be a great stadium and spectacular. Seating in the Colosseum are divided into different levels.

Podium, the first place to sit is devoted to the Roman senators. Special room for the king, resting place, where the property is also on this level. Under the podium is maeniaum Primum, which is devoted to the Roman nobility. The third level is maenianum Primum which is divided again into three parts. Bottom (immum) was used for the wealthy, at the top again (summum), used for the commoners. And finally, in the wood (maenianum secundum in legneis) is where the structure of wood at the top of the building. That place is a place that used to stand for women inferior.

After 2 years of the Colosseum used as a venue, the youngest daughter of Vespasian ordered to construct an underground area (Hypogeum), two levels of underground lines that are interconnected in the form of tunnels and cages where gladiators and animals are placed before the fight begins. There is also provided the pitfalls of a trap door that is used to prevent entry of wild animals are not planned into the arena and to keep the weapons storage area in the Colosseum.

Colosseum is still in use until the year 217, although it has been damaged by fire due to being struck by lightning. Colosseum has been improved in the year 238 and gladiatorial games continued until Christian people gradually stop the game because it takes too many casualties.

The building used to store various types of animals until the year 524. Two earthquakes in the years 442 and 508 cause severe damage to the building. In the Middle Ages, the Colosseum suffered severe damage caused by the earthquake again that in the year 847 and 1349 and serve as a fortress and a church was also established there.

Many marble stones are used to coat and rebuild the parts of the Colosseum which was damaged by fire. In the 16th and 17th centuries, Roman families to use the Colosseum as a place of extraction of marble stone for building constructions St. Peter's Basilica and special residence palazzi, Roman family.

In the year 1749, there is a form of maintenance of the Colosseum. Pope Benedict XIV forbade to use the Colosseum as a place of mining. In 2000 there was an outcry in Italy in order to oppose the use of the death penalty for countries around the world (in Italy, the death penalty abolished in 1948).

Some demonstrators wore a place in front of the Colosseum. Since then, as a gesture against the law of capital, the local residents to change the color of the Colosseum in the evening from white to gold by using the lighting of candles and neon lights, until the whole world where death penalty was abolished action.